时光荏苒 时代铿锵12月26日招商局喜迎152周年华诞历百年，亦青春招商号”巨轮穿过岁月的长河乘风破浪，勇往直前是它不变的信仰与姿态从“第一次创业”拓荒兴业，开风气之先到“第二次创业”敢为人先，领时代之潮每一步都坚定豪迈、行稳致远唯改革者进，唯创新者强招商局勇于变革，创世界一流踏上“第三次创业”征途在中国式现代化建设中再创佳绩一流目标，焕发“百年招商局”生机活力“两条曲线”，交织实干创新的图景'三次创业”，激发澎湃强劲的动能四大板块，创造活力无限的价值一环扣一环，紧锣密鼓一程又一程，“招”气蓬勃在波澜壮阔的高质量发展征程上一切过往，皆为序章招商号”巨轮实干担当、立新破旧把握新一轮机遇，再次走在时代前列百年央企的传奇与荣光将继续书写创新创业的故事，将永远传唱注一流 目标:成为创新驱动的国际化综合型世界一流企业“两条曲线”: 向价值链两端攀升的“微笑曲线”、可持续发展的“马利克曲线”“三次创业”:招商局拓荒兴业，开风气之先，在自强求富中引领洋务，成为民族工商业的先驱，为“第一次创业”;招商局敢为人先，领时代之潮，在蛇口炸响“开山第一炮”，成为改革开放的先锋，为“第二次创业”;招商局勇于变革，创世界一流，在新征程上实干担当、创新破旧，准确把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革时代机遇，力争再次走在时代前列，以“再创佳绩”的实际行动践行“两个维护”，为“第三次创业”四 大 板 块 :交通物流、综合金融、地产园区、科创产业

问题如何理解与轮机长、驾驶员以及轮机员保持良好融洽关系的重要性？How do you understand the importance of keeping good and harmonious relationship with the Chief Engineer and other Officers and Engineers?答案 Without harmonious relationship with the Chief Engineer and the other Officers and Engineers, the Master cannot manage the ship well. But how can the Master achieve it? First of all, the Master must have close contact with the department heads because the daily management is delegated to them although the Master himself is responsible for the overall safety and personnel management. Secondly, the Master himself must know his job well and know when to do what and how. Thirdly, the Master should be very strict in himself in discipline and behavior. Fourthly, he should be fair in job assignment, pay distribution and other daily management. But if someone on board breaks the Master’s order or the rules on purpose, the Master will have to penalize the offender and can consider firing him according to the procedure of the ship owner. 注意：这是一个考验船长管理能力的问题。在实际工作中，不同船长有不同的管理经验和方法，但是船东希望船长在这方面采用适当的管理方法。有些船长在回答这类问题时，会不假思索的说：“I will dismiss those who do not listen to me”. 这样会显得过于霸道，也不符合船东和船旗国的船员管理程序。问题请简单列举中国国有航运公司和国外私营公司之间的差异？Can you tell me the differences between the Chinese state-owned shipping companies and foreign shipping companies?答案 Basically, in my opinion, there are not big differences at tall.  It seems to me that foreign ship owners are more concerned about the master’s overriding authority on board while the Chinese shipping companies tend to ask their local agents to do more for the vessel.  Another major difference between them is that the Safety Management System of the Chinese companies is in Chinese and the working language on board is Chinese. Foreign owner seem to care more about the implementation of the SMS manuals in reality.  What’s more, most of the Chinese owners use the CCS for classification while foreign owners may use different classification societies.

英国克拉克森12月6日发布的数据显示，11月份，全球船舶订单量为387万CGT（修正总吨），共124艘，比10月份的282万CGT增长37%，比去年11月份的322万CGT增长20%。按国家/地区划分，中国份额最大，11月接到236万CGT（73艘船）订单，市场份额为61%。韩国紧随其后，为114万CGT（24艘船），市场份额为29%。今年前11月，中国船厂累计承接订单4177万CGT（1518艘），市场份额69%，韩国的累计订单为1092万CGT（248 艘船），市场份额仅为18%。截至11月，全球手持订单比上个月减少了49万CGT，至1.5223亿CGT。中国手持订单8656万CGT （57%），韩国手持订单3777万CGT（25%）。与去年同期相比，中国手持订单增加了2208万CGT，韩国则减少了145万CGT。中国造船业进一步拉开和韩国的差距。截至11月底，克拉克森新造船价格指数为189.18，比上月的189.64下降0.46。按船型划分，液化天然气（LNG）运输船的价格为2.6亿美元，超大型原油轮（VLCC）为1.295亿美元，超大型集装箱船（22,000~24,000 TEU）的价格为2.75亿美元。

泉州学院船员培训直招24年9月1日有非航海类全日制大专或者以上学历读一年制三副三管开班（想转业，不满足岸上收入的重点考虑）1、小证更新年过开班时间5月27日，证书5年要到期的可以提前培训2、计划24年6月18日 G班新培开班，有需要培训联系3、24年9月学历三副三管和6月11日晋升三副三管开班4、24年7月10日晋升船长轮机长大副大管(甲丙类)开班。5、24年7月1日值班水手机工培训

1. 长荣海运公司成立于1968年，总部位于台湾台北。2. 长荣海运拥有超过200艘集装箱船，是全球最大的集装箱航运公司之一。3. 长荣海运的总运力超过150万标准箱（TEU），在全球航运市场中占据重要地位。4. 公司运营的航线覆盖全球100多个国家和地区，服务于300多个港口。5. 长荣海运旗下最大的船舶是“长范号”，其载重量为23,992 TEU，是全球最大的集装箱船之一。6. 全球雇员总数超过10,000人，其中包括船员和岸上工作人员。7. 长荣海运致力于环保，旗下新船配备了现代化的环保技术，减少碳排放和能耗。8. 2022年，长荣海运的营业收入超过300亿美元，显示出强劲的市场表现。9. 长荣海运是“海洋联盟”（Ocean Alliance）的成员，与其他全球顶级航运公司合作，共享资源和航线。10. 公司在航运管理中广泛使用自动化和数字化技术，包括船舶管理系统和货物追踪系统，以提高运营效率。

深入船舶一线2月22日，山东海事局首批4名执法人员到“威海-大连”航线的滚装客船“生生2”轮随船学习调研，计划随船时间15天。在船期间，执法人员将与船员同吃同住同工作，全面了解船员群体在船工作和生活情况，倾听船员心声、聚焦船员急盼，以“第一视角”掌握“一手资料”，更好服务船员、促进船员高质量队伍建设。本批随船学习调研，恰逢春运和“两会”期间的海上交通重点保障时段。随船的“生生2”轮为滚装客船，共有车位99个、客位2160个，肩负着山东和辽宁两省之间的客货海上运输任务，航行线路是最为繁忙的海上运输线路之一。随船人员下沉船舶营运一线，成立了临时党支部，主动融入船员群体当中，以船舶为平台，与船员交朋友，全方位了解船员工作、倾听船员心声、聚焦船员需求，深层次调研各业务领域工作效能、突出问题、制约因素与群众期盼等情况，主动开展海事管理法规与政策宣贯，并将随船实践收获、体会和建议应用于今后海事管理实际工作中。首批随船人员都在做什么？跟随视频一起感受一下！经过一周的随船调研学习，来看看海事人员都有什么感悟吧。01东海事局船员考试中心 张淼根据山东海事局统一安排，我有幸赴“生生2”轮参加第一批随船学习调研活动。通过一段时间的随船学习，我体验到船员在保障海上物流链畅通、稳定水上交通安全形势、加快推进交通强国和经济社会建设方面发挥着重要作用。绳短不能汲深井，浅水不能负大舟。业务本领的恐慌使我在船期间，抓住机会学习船舶设施设备情况，与船员交流货物绑扎系固、船员培训考试等工作，参与了船舶消防救生演习全过程，对演习程序及设备设施操作有了进一步的了解。通过实践学习，填补自身短板，不断提高专业能力。随船学习的日夜，切身体会到船员工作生活的辛苦和不易，被他们吃苦耐劳、敬业奉献的精神所触动，深感在今后工作中要执法为民、服务船员，积极搭建海事部门与船员沟通的桥梁，保障航行安全，维护船员权益。02务中心 郝秀红根据山东海事局统一部署，本人参加第一批次船员管理岗位相关人员随船学习调研，经过与船员朋友同吃同住一段时间，深有感悟。此次随船，发现船上工作均按照管理公司的体系文件正规运行，对于船员证书即将到期的船员，管理公司会及时为船员报名，参加相关知识更新培训，并为船员申请更换最新证书。航运公司的正规管理，不仅有利于航运市场健康发展，也是船员们的福祉，因此规范航运公司管理是海事工作的重要部分。此外，船员的工作环境也需要我们多多关注。比如网络信号就是受到大家普遍关注的，它连接的不仅是最新的社会信息，更是家人。受当前信号的限制，船员在船上往往很难顺畅使用网络，本就处于封闭、复杂的工作环境，如此更添一份不易。稳定的船员队伍是我国航运市场的坚实基础，未来我们更要精准发力，切实解决船员关注的问题，助推航运市场高质量发展。据了解，山东海事局执法人员随船学习调研期间，共有9项调研内容，在完成部海事局规定内容的同时，增加了了解船舶和船员对恶劣天气海况防范措施及工作落实情况、对商渔船防碰撞的认识和管理建议、对海上交通环境的感受和建议等内容。按照计划，山东海事局将用３年时间，以全脱产形式滚动安排通航管理、船舶监督、船员管理、危管防污和公司管理等各业务领域执法人员进行随船学习调研，覆盖客船、客滚船、干散货船、集装箱船和危化品船等各类船型，通过在船员中扎根，用心去感受他们的喜怒哀乐，更好地理解船员，努力把工作做到船员心坎上，以更好姿态服务航运高质量发展，奋力在服务加快建设交通强国、海洋强省中走在前、争一流。目前，全国海事部门正陆续组织执法人员随船学习调研，进一步帮助海事执法人员补短板、强弱项，全面提升海事管理工作质效。文章来源：山东海事局、中国船员

Could you give me a brief description of yourself?你可以做一个简短的自我介绍吗？My name is Jack. I am 32 years old. I'm married and have a child. (I am single) I come from Dalian, a beautiful city near the sea. I like reading and playing football. I am a third officer now. I have experience in managing bulk carriers, oil tankers, and container ship.我的名字叫杰克，今年 32 岁，我已经结婚了，并且有一个孩子（我是单身）。我来自大连，一个美丽的海滨城市。我喜欢阅读和踢足球。我目前是一名三副，我有散货船、油轮和集装箱船的工作经验。Please tell us about a favorite port where your ship has called.请谈一下你船曾经挂靠过的最喜欢的港口。Shanghai Port is my favorite port. We called at there in 2018. The port is very big and the city is beautiful. Shanghai is famous in China and in the world. It has more than 80 berths in the port. Many container ships call at this port. Shanghai is famous for seafood and tall buildings. Many foreigners live in Shanghai. It is a modern port.上海港是我最喜欢的港口，2018 年我们挂靠在那儿。上海港很大，城市很漂亮。上海港在中国和全世界都很有名，港内有 80 多个泊位，有很多集装箱船挂靠这个港口。上海因海鲜和高建筑物而闻名。有许多外国人住在上海，上海港是一个现代化的港口。Please say something about your responsibilities on board.请说一下你在船上的职责。I am a third officer. I work on a large container ship. Every day, I keep the watch and check the equipment on the bridge. I will assist the captain when entering or leaving a port. I will assist the chief officer when handling cargo. On board the ship, I’m responsible for life - saving and fire - fighting equipment. I must ensure they are in good condition.我是一名三副，我在一艘很大的集装箱船上工作。每天我都会值班并在驾驶台检查设备。进港离港的时候我会协助船长工作。装卸货物时我会协助大副工作。在船上我负责救生设备和消防设备。我必须保证它们处于良好工作状态。Please say something about your hometown.请谈谈你的家乡。I am from Dalian. It is a city near the sea. It is a famous beautiful city. Many foreigners come here to enjoy holidays. The weather in Dalian is good. The air is fresh. The city is very clean and tidy. There are many tall buildings. People here are very friendly. Dalian is famous for seafood and beer. The port is big and modern. Many ships call at the port every day.我来自大连，它是沿海城市。它也是有名的漂亮城市，很多外国人来这里度假。大连的天气很好，空气很新鲜，城市非常干净整齐，有很多高建筑物。这里的人们非常友好。大连因海鲜和啤酒而闻名，港口很大而且现代化。每天有很多船舶挂靠大连港。How do you like your career as a seafarer?你觉得海员这一职业怎样？I like this career. As a seafarer, I can travel around the world, see beautiful scenery and enjoy the different cultures. I dislike this career because of hard work, bad living conditions, seasickness, homesickness and so on.我喜欢这一职业，作为海员，我可以周游世界、见到迷人的风景、欣赏不同的文化。我不喜欢这一职业是因为工作艰苦、生活条件差、晕船、想家等。Please list some effective ways to manage a multinational crew.举一些跨国船员的有效管理方法。The working attitudes, living habits and languages are different among the multinational crew, so it is difficult to manage the crew members with the native method. The Master and the person in charge of the ship should often discuss with them to improve understanding each other and create a good atmosphere. We should strengthen communication and cooperation between each other and establish good working relationship with other crew members.跨国船员间的工作态度，生活习惯，语言都不同，所以很难用国内思维来管理跨国船员。船长和船舶负责人应当经常和他们进行讨论以增进互相理解，创造和谐的氛围。我们应当增进彼此间交流与合作，船员间建立良好的工作关系。What do you think is the most important thing on board?你认为在船上最重要的事情是什么？I think it is safety.我认为船上最重要的事是安全。What’s your captain’s nationality?你们船长的国籍是哪里？He is from China.船长是中国人。What is your favorite food？你最喜欢的食物是什么？It is sea food.海鲜。What do you expect about your future?未来你期望干什么？I want to become a captain in the future.我想成为船长。How do you check the CO2 System?如何检查二氧化碳系统？The CO2 system is the fixed fire fighting system. I do the checks according to the checklist. First, the date of last service, CO2 pipelines and bottles should be checked. The air blow test should be carried out to make sure that the system works well enough. Certificates also need to be checked to make sure they are up to date. The weight of the CO2 in the bottles should be tested at regular interval.CO2 系统是固定消防系统，我根据检查表进行检查。首先，应检查 CO2 管道和瓶的上一次检测日期。应进行吹气试验，以确保系统运行良好。证书也需要检查以确保它们是最新的。按照规定的时间间隔对 CO2 进行称重。How do you ensure the accuracy of navigational charts on board?你如何确保船上航海图的准确性？I regularly update the navigational charts using official sources like nautical chart publishers' updates. I cross - check the information on the charts with the latest navigational warnings and notices to mariners. Also, before each voyage, I verify that the charts cover the intended route and are of the appropriate scale.我会使用官方渠道，如航海图出版商提供的更新，定期更新航海图。我会将航海图上的信息与最新的航海警告和通告进行交叉核对。此外，每次航行前，我会确认航海图涵盖预定航线且比例尺合适。Can you describe the procedures for conducting a lifeboat drill?你能描述一下进行救生艇演练的程序吗？First, an alarm is sounded to notify all crew members. Then, crew assigned to the lifeboats report to their stations. We check the lifeboat's equipment, such as oars, life - jackets, and communication devices. Next, we lower the lifeboat into the water following strict safety procedures. Once in the water, we start the engine (if applicable) and perform basic maneuvers like rowing and turning. After the drill, we hoist the lifeboat back on board and secure it properly, and then report the drill's completion to the captain.首先，发出警报通知所有船员。然后，分配到救生艇的船员前往各自岗位。我们检查救生艇的设备，如桨、救生衣和通讯设备。接着，按照严格的安全程序将救生艇放入水中。一旦下水，如果有发动机则启动，进行划船和转向等基本操作。演练结束后，将救生艇吊回船上并妥善固定，然后向船长报告演练完成情况。What actions would you take in case of a fire on the bridge?如果驾驶台发生火灾，你会采取什么行动？I would immediately sound the fire alarm to alert the entire ship. Then, I'd try to identify the source and type of the fire. If it's a small fire, I'd use the appropriate fire - extinguisher (e.g., a CO2 extinguisher for electrical fires) to extinguish it. If the fire is large, I'd evacuate the bridge, closing all doors and hatches behind me to prevent the fire from spreading. I'd also inform the captain and the engine room, and coordinate with the rest of the crew for fire - fighting efforts according to the ship's fire - fighting plan.我会立即拉响火灾警报，向全船发出警报。然后，我会尝试确定火源和火灾类型。如果是小火，我会使用合适的灭火器（例如，电气火灾用二氧化碳灭火器）灭火。如果火势较大，我会撤离驾驶台，关闭身后所有的门和舱口，防止火势蔓延。我还会通知船长和机舱，并根据船舶的灭火计划与其他船员协调灭火工作。How do you communicate effectively with the engine room during navigation?在航行过程中，你如何与机舱进行有效沟通？We use the ship's intercom system for routine communication, like reporting speed changes, course alterations, or any machinery - related issues observed on the bridge. For more detailed information, we fill out and send written forms, such as engine - order telegraph records. Before any major operation like entering or leaving port, we have pre - departure meetings to discuss the requirements and expectations clearly. Also, in case of emergencies, we have a set of pre - arranged signals to quickly convey critical information.我们使用船舶的对讲机系统进行日常沟通，例如报告速度变化、航向改变或在驾驶台观察到的任何与机械相关的问题。对于更详细的信息，我们会填写并发送书面表格，如车钟记录。在任何重大操作（如进出港口）之前，我们会召开航前会议，明确讨论需求和预期。此外，在紧急情况下，我们有一套预先安排好的信号来快速传达关键信息。What safety precautions do you take when handling dangerous goods on board?在船上处理危险货物时，你会采取哪些安全预防措施？Before loading, I ensure that the storage areas are properly prepared according to the type of dangerous goods. This includes checking for proper ventilation, grounding, and segregation from other incompatible goods. I verify that the crew handling the goods are wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, such as chemical - resistant suits, gloves, and goggles. During loading and unloading, I closely monitor the operations to prevent any spills or accidents. We also have detailed emergency response plans in place in case of a dangerous goods incident, and conduct regular drills to ensure everyone knows their roles.在装载之前，我会根据危险货物的类型确保储存区域准备妥当。这包括检查通风是否良好、接地是否正常，以及与其他不相容货物的隔离情况。我会确认搬运货物的船员穿着合适的个人防护装备，如耐化学腐蚀的防护服、手套和护目镜。在装卸过程中，我会密切监控操作，防止任何泄漏或事故发生。我们还制定了详细的危险货物事故应急响应计划，并定期进行演练，以确保每个人都清楚自己的职责。Can you explain the importance of maintaining proper lookout while on watch?你能解释一下值班时保持正规瞭望的重要性吗？Maintaining proper lookout is crucial for the safety of the ship, crew, and cargo. By keeping a sharp eye on the surrounding waters, we can detect other vessels, navigational hazards like rocks or shoals, and any potential weather changes in advance. This allows us to take timely and appropriate actions, such as changing course, reducing speed, or alerting other ships, to avoid collisions and ensure a safe voyage. Failing to maintain proper lookout can lead to serious accidents with potentially disastrous consequences.保持正规瞭望对船舶、船员和货物的安全至关重要。通过密切关注周围水域，我们可以提前发现其他船只、岩石或浅滩等航行危险以及任何潜在的天气变化。这使我们能够及时采取适当的行动，如改变航向、降低速度或提醒其他船只，以避免碰撞并确保航行安全。未能保持正规瞭望可能导致严重事故，带来灾难性后果。How do you handle a situation where a crew member is injured on board?如果船上有船员受伤，你会如何处理？First, I quickly assess the severity of the injury. For minor injuries like cuts or bruises, I treat them on - site using the ship's first - aid kit, which includes cleaning the wound, applying antiseptic, and dressing it. For more serious injuries, such as fractures or severe bleeding, I immediately call for the ship's doctor (if available) or the designated first - aider. While waiting, I try to keep the injured crew member calm and comfortable, and if necessary, perform basic life - support measures like stopping bleeding or maintaining airway. I also document the details of the injury, including the time, location, and nature of the injury, for future reference.首先，我会迅速评估伤势的严重程度。对于割伤或瘀伤等轻伤，我会使用船上的急救箱进行现场处理，包括清洗伤口、涂抹消毒剂和包扎。对于更严重的伤势，如骨折或严重出血，我会立即呼叫船上的医生（如果有）或指定的急救人员。在等待期间，我会尽量让受伤的船员保持冷静和舒适，必要时采取基本的生命支持措施，如止血或保持呼吸道通畅。我还会记录受伤的详细情况，包括时间、地点和伤势性质，以供日后参考。What are the key points to consider when preparing a passage plan?制定航行计划时需要考虑哪些关键点？When preparing a passage plan, I consider the ship's destination, the intended route, including any waypoints and channels to be transited. I also take into account the ship's capabilities, such as its speed, draft, and maneuverability. Weather conditions, including wind, waves, and visibility, are crucial factors. I check for any navigational hazards along the route, like reefs, shallows, and restricted areas. Additionally, I consider the availability of ports for refueling, resupplying, and seeking shelter if needed. I also ensure compliance with international and local maritime regulations.制定航行计划时，我会考虑船舶的目的地、预定航线，包括要经过的任何航路点和航道。我还会考虑船舶的性能，如速度、吃水和操纵性。天气状况，包括风、浪和能见度，是关键因素。我会检查航线上的任何航行危险，如礁石、浅滩和限制区域。此外，我会考虑是否有可供加油、补给和必要时寻求庇护的港口。我还确保遵守国际和当地的海事法规。How do you check and maintain the ship's navigation lights?你如何检查和维护船舶的航行灯？I conduct a visual inspection of the navigation lights daily, checking for any signs of damage, such as cracked lenses or loose fittings. I also test the lights regularly to ensure they are functioning properly. This includes turning them on during the day (in a safe location) to verify that all bulbs are working. I check the power supply to the lights, ensuring there are no loose connections or signs of corrosion. If any issues are detected, I either replace the faulty components immediately or report the problem to the appropriate maintenance personnel for prompt repair.我每天对航行灯进行目视检查，查看是否有任何损坏迹象，如透镜破裂或配件松动。我也会定期测试灯光，确保其正常工作。这包括在白天（在安全位置）打开灯光，以验证所有灯泡是否正常。我检查灯光的电源，确保没有松动的连接或腐蚀迹象。如果发现任何问题，我会立即更换有故障的部件，或者将问题报告给相应的维修人员以便及时修复。Can you describe the emergency response procedures for a collision at sea?你能描述一下海上碰撞的应急响应程序吗？Immediately after a collision, I would sound the general alarm to alert all crew. I'd assess the damage to our ship, including checking for leaks, structural damage, and injuries to crew. I'd report the situation to the captain and the engine room. If the ship is taking on water, we'd start the emergency pumping systems and try to seal the damaged areas. We'd also establish communication with the other vessel involved in the collision to check on their situation. If necessary, we'd prepare for evacuation, ensuring that all crew have their life - jackets on and are ready to board lifeboats. Meanwhile, I'd gather information about the collision, such as the time, location, and the other vessel's details, for reporting to the relevant authorities.碰撞发生后，我会立即发出通用警报，通知所有船员。我会评估我们船舶的受损情况，包括检查是否有泄漏、结构 damage、以及船员是否受伤。我会将情况报告给船长和机舱。如果船舶进水，我们会启动应急排水系统，并尝试封堵受损区域。我们还会与碰撞的另一艘船建立联系，了解他们的情况。如有必要，我们会准备撤离，确保所有船员穿上救生衣并准备登上救生艇。同时，我会收集碰撞的相关信息，如时间、地点和另一艘船的详细情况，以便向相关当局报告。What measures do you take to prevent piracy attacks during a voyage?在航行过程中，你会采取哪些措施来防止海盗袭击？We implement a series of anti - piracy measures. We keep a proper lookout for any suspicious vessels, especially in high - risk areas. We increase the ship's security by installing barbed wire, anti - climbing devices, and motion - detection sensors. Crew members are trained in anti - piracy procedures, including how to respond if pirates approach. We also maintain communication with nearby ships and maritime authorities, sharing information about any suspicious activities. At night, we keep the ship well - lit, making it more difficult for pirates to approach unnoticed.我们会采取一系列反海盗措施。我们会在航行中特别是在高风险区域保持对任何可疑船只的正规瞭望。通过安装铁丝网、防攀爬装置和运动检测传感器来加强船舶的安全防范。船员会接受反海盗程序的培训，包括在海盗靠近时如何应对。我们还与附近的船只和海事当局保持通信，分享任何可疑活动的信息。在夜间，我们将船舶照亮，使海盗更难在不被察觉的情况下靠近。How do you ensure compliance with international maritime regulations on board?你如何确保船上遵守国际海事法规？I regularly review and update my knowledge of international maritime regulations, such as those from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). I ensure that all ship's equipment, including safety and navigational equipment, meets the regulatory standards. Before each voyage, I check that all certificates and documents are in order and up - to - date. During the voyage, I monitor operations to ensure that they comply with regulations regarding pollution prevention, waste disposal, and crew working hours. I also conduct regular internal audits to identify and correct any non - compliance issues promptly.我定期研习并更新自己对国际海事法规（如国际海事组织（IMO）的规定）的认知。我确保船舶的所有设备，包括安全和导航设备，都符合监管标准。每次航行前，我会检查所有证书和文件是否齐全且为最新版本。在航行期间，我会监督各项操作，以确保其符合关于污染预防、废物处理和船员工作时间的规定。我还会定期进行内部审核，以便及时发现并纠正任何不符合规定的问题 。24. What is your process for conducting a pre - voyage safety inspection?你进行航前安全检查的流程是怎样的？Before a voyage, I start with the navigation equipment. I check the functionality of the compass, radar, GPS, and other navigational aids. Then, I move on to the safety equipment. This includes inspecting life - saving appliances like lifeboats, life - rafts, and life - jackets to ensure they are in good condition and properly stowed. Fire - fighting equipment such as fire extinguishers, fire hoses, and fixed fire - fighting systems are also carefully examined. I also verify the integrity of the ship's structure, checking for any signs of damage or wear. Additionally, I confirm that all communication systems, both internal and external, are working correctly.航前，我首先检查导航设备。确认罗盘、雷达、全球定位系统（GPS）和其他导航辅助设备的功能是否正常。接着，检查安全设备，包括检查救生艇、救生筏和救生衣等救生用具，确保其状态良好且存放得当。还会仔细检查灭火器、消防水带和固定灭火系统等消防设备。我也会查看船舶结构是否完好，检查有无损坏或磨损迹象。此外，我会确认所有内部和外部通信系统都能正常工作。25. How would you handle a situation where a crew member violates safety regulations?如果有船员违反安全规定，你会如何处理？First, I would immediately stop the crew member from continuing the unsafe behavior. Then, I would have a serious conversation with them to explain why their actions were dangerous and in violation of the safety regulations. I would document the incident, including details such as the time, location, nature of the violation, and the crew member involved. Depending on the severity of the violation, I might issue a formal warning, and if it's a repeated or severe offense, I would report it to the captain, who may decide on further disciplinary actions. At the same time, I would use this as an opportunity to reinforce safety awareness among all crew members through safety briefings or additional training.首先，我会立即制止该船员继续这种不安全行为。然后，和他们严肃交谈，向其解释其行为为何危险且违反安全规定。我会记录该事件，包括时间、地点、违规性质以及涉及的船员等详细信息。根据违规的严重程度，我可能会发出正式警告；如果是屡犯或严重违规，我会向船长报告，由船长决定进一步的纪律处分。同时，我会借此机会通过安全简报或额外培训，强化全体船员的安全意识。26.Can you describe how you manage the inventory of safety - related supplies on board?你能描述一下如何管理船上安全相关物资的库存吗？I maintain a detailed inventory list of all safety - related supplies, including life - saving equipment, fire - fighting materials, and first - aid supplies. Regularly, I conduct physical counts to match the actual quantities with the records on the inventory list. For items with expiration dates, like first - aid medications or some types of fire - extinguisher cartridges, I keep a close eye on the expiration time and replace them in advance. When supplies are used during drills or actual emergencies, I immediately update the inventory list and arrange for replacements. I also ensure that the storage areas of these supplies are clean, dry, and easily accessible.我会维护一份所有安全相关物资的详细库存清单，包括救生设备、消防材料和急救用品。我定期进行实地盘点，确保实际数量与库存清单上的记录相符。对于有保质期的物品，如急救药品或某些类型的灭火器弹药筒，我会密切关注过期时间并提前更换。当物资在演练或实际紧急情况中使用后，我会立即更新库存清单并安排补充。我还确保这些物资的存放区域干净、干燥且易于取用。27. How do you deal with a sudden change in weather conditions during a voyage?在航行过程中，你如何应对天气状况的突然变化？When there's a sudden weather change, I first assess the impact on the ship's safety and the ongoing voyage. If it's a significant weather event like a storm approaching, I immediately inform the captain. We then may adjust the ship's course, speed, or heading to minimize the risk. I would closely monitor the weather forecasts and updates from relevant meteorological services. All crew members would be informed about the situation, and those on deck may be required to secure loose items and prepare for any necessary emergency response. Additionally, I would check the ship's stability and ensure that all watertight doors and hatches are properly closed.当天气突然变化时，我首先评估其对船舶安全和当前航行的影响。如果是像风暴来袭这样的重大天气事件，我会立即通知船长。然后我们可能会调整船舶的航线、速度或航向，以降低风险。我会密切关注天气预报以及相关气象服务机构的最新消息。所有船员都会被告知情况，甲板上的船员可能需要固定松散物品，并为任何必要的应急响应做好准备。此外，我会检查船舶的稳性，确保所有水密门和舱口都已妥善关闭。28.What steps do you take to ensure the proper functioning of the ship's communication systems?你会采取哪些步骤来确保船舶通信系统正常运行？Daily, I perform a basic check of the ship's communication systems, including the VHF (Very High Frequency) radio, satellite phones, and internal communication devices like intercoms. I test the transmit and receive functions, check for any interference or static, and ensure that the antennas are in good condition. Before each voyage, I verify that all communication frequencies are set correctly according to the planned route. I also keep spare parts and batteries on hand for critical components, and regularly update the communication software (if applicable). In case of any malfunctions, I follow the troubleshooting procedures, and if the problem cannot be resolved on - board, I report it to the shore - side technical support as soon as possible.每天，我都会对船舶通信系统进行基本检查，包括甚高频（VHF）无线电、卫星电话和对讲机等内部通信设备。我会测试发送和接收功能，检查是否有干扰或静电，并确保天线状态良好。每次航行前，我会根据预定航线核实所有通信频率设置正确。我还会为关键部件准备备件和电池，并定期更新通信软件（如适用）。如出现任何故障，我会按照故障排除程序进行操作，如果船上无法解决问题，我会尽快向岸上技术支持报告 。29. How do you train new crew members on their safety - related duties?你如何对新船员进行安全相关职责的培训？I start by providing them with a comprehensive safety manual that details all the safety procedures and their specific duties. Then, I conduct on - the - job training, demonstrating how to operate safety equipment like life - saving appliances and fire - fighting gear. I take them through emergency drills, explaining each step and their role in it. I also use visual aids such as safety videos and diagrams to enhance their understanding. Regularly, I quiz them on their knowledge of safety regulations and procedures to ensure they are retaining the information. Additionally, I encourage them to ask questions and share any concerns they may have about safety on board.我首先会给他们提供一份全面的安全手册，详细说明所有安全程序以及他们的具体职责。然后，进行在职培训，演示如何操作救生用具和消防设备等安全装备。我会带他们参加应急演练，解释每个步骤以及他们在其中的角色。我还会使用安全视频和图表等直观教具来加深他们的理解。我会定期对他们进行安全法规和程序知识的测验，以确保他们掌握了相关信息。此外，我鼓励他们提问，并分享他们对船上安全的任何担忧。30.What is your approach to dealing with a potential navigation error?你处理潜在导航错误的方法是什么？If I suspect a potential navigation error, I first double - check all the navigational data sources, such as GPS readings, compass headings, and chart information. I compare the current position with the last known accurate position and any nearby landmarks or navigational aids. If the error persists, I immediately inform the captain and the rest of the bridge team. We may then slow down the ship to allow more time for accurate navigation. I would also cross - reference with other navigation systems on board, if available. If the problem is related to incorrect chart data, I would rely on the latest navigational warnings and consult with shore - based navigation experts if necessary. After resolving the issue, I document the entire process for future reference.如果我怀疑存在潜在的导航错误，我首先会仔细复查所有导航数据源，如全球定位系统读数、罗盘航向和海图信息。我会将当前位置与上一个已知的准确位置以及附近的任何地标或导航辅助设施进行对比。如果错误仍然存在，我会立即通知船长和驾驶台的其他人员。然后我们可能会降低船速，以便有更多时间进行准确导航。如果船上有其他导航系统，我也会进行交叉核对。如果问题与海图数据不正确有关，我会参考最新的航海警告，必要时咨询岸上的导航专家。问题解决后，我会记录整个过程，以供日后参考。—END—

沁园春·雪Warm in early winter近现代 · 毛泽东in early winter北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。我的思念比冬长说来奇怪，人们都喜欢在冬天来临后，开始疯狂想念夏天。可冬从来不会吝啬，予世界一片清麽与洁白。我想啊，过去即该释怀，当下值得热爱。海转岸的三副，赞16我的思念比冬长冬季的鲅鱼圈，对于船员来说挑战巨大！货船当成破冰船在开！有航道上失控搁浅！有锚地上，船被整个冰面冻起来！频繁走锚、丢锚！有极端天气，船期一拖再拖！有靠泊三条拖轮使劲顶才能进去！有压载水全部冻住排不出来！有孤独的冰雪大世界，无人欣赏！还有一群不畏极寒的海狼在乘风破浪！每个冬季的鲅鱼圈，都是一个巨大的挑战！每个冬季的鲅鱼圈，都少不了这群勇敢的男儿！海转岸的三副，赞15跨越千山和万水，冰雪逐梦超自我；祝：乘风破浪的你们，成为更完美的自己。

一、各培训班培训时间安排： 二、培训对象：1、具有大副资历18个月的船员，可参加船长培训班；2、具有大管轮资历18个月的船员，可参加轮机长培训班; 3、具有二副资历12个月的船员，可参加大副培训班; 4、具有二管轮资历12个月的船员，可参加大管轮培训班.其中：（1）只要具有6个月无限航区资历的学员就可以报考甲类船员职务晋升培训。（总时间需首先满足要求）（2）2020年11月1日以后非运输船资历不能作为申考运输船服务资历。（3）参加航区扩大的船员需有6个月相应资历，吨位/功率提高的学员需有12个月相应资历。（4）如有重复资历的情况，请务必提前准备好航海日志或轮机日志的复印件（需有船章）。请务必确保资历真实有效且满足海事局报考要求，如因资历不实导致的一切后果由学员自己负责！

在主要铁矿石矿商强劲需求的驱动下，海岬型散货船的平均即期运价在上周五迎来了飙升，涨幅高达12.7%，单日价格逼近22200美元/天。自上周一开始，海岬型散货船的运价跌至自2月初以来的最低点后终于迎来了强势反弹，涨幅至28.5%。这一涨势背后的主要动力来自于澳大利亚矿业巨头的旺盛需求。特别是力拓集团（Rio Tinto）和福特斯库金属集团（Fortescue Metals Group），这两家巨头分别以每吨10.60美元的价格成功租赁了用于从西澳大利亚向中国运送铁矿石的海岬型散货船。这一价格不仅高于前一天成交的每吨10.30~10.40美元区间，更明显高出周一市场低谷时的9.60美元。波罗的海交易所的分析师在每日报告中指出：“大西洋和太平洋地区的交易活动都大幅增加，反映出了市场的活跃状态。”并补充说：“三家主要的矿商都活跃在市场上。”然而，期货市场的表现则呈现出喜忧参半的局面。6月份的海岬型船合约价格上涨了357美元，略高于30200美元/天，而7月份的合约则下跌了221美元，价格约为28700美元/天。不过，船东2020 Bulkers则看到了更多的上涨势头。这家在挪威奥斯陆上市的公司表示：“我们观察到许多船舶正在市场中徘徊，等待更佳的时机出手。这种市场态势听起来相当有前景。”

中远海运集团今年下单订造船舶总数达到60艘2024年，全球航运巨头中远海运集团在船舶订造领域展现出强劲的势头。在近两个月里，中远海运集团已下单订造60艘新船舶，显示出该集团在船队升级与绿色低碳航运方面的雄心壮志。中远海能：再订造2艘大型LNG运输船2024年9月9日晚，中远海运能源运输股份有限公司（以下简称“中远海能”）召开了第九次董事会会议，会议审议并通过了关于新建2艘17.5万方液化天然气（LNG）船的决议。此次项目由中远海能的全资子公司上海中远海运液化天然气投资有限公司（简称“上海中远海运LNG”）负责投资建造，计划在大连船舶重工集团有限公司建造这两艘船舶，总投资金额约为5.0923亿美元。中远海发中远海散合作：42艘干散货船舶订单而在散货船方面，8月30日，中远海运发展发布了重磅公告，宣布签署了42艘散货船舶的投资建造及租赁协议。根据协议内容，这些船舶包括20艘由中远海运重工投资建造的散货船，此外，中船澄西将负责建造22艘8万吨级散货船。这批散货船舶总投资金额超过143亿元人民币，预计将于2026年至2027年陆续交付，并将长期租予中远海运散货运输公司运营。中远海运集运：12艘甲醇燃料集装箱船除了中远海能和中远海运发展的大规模订单，中远海运集团在其他子公司方面也表现活跃。中远海运集装箱运输有限公司（中远海集运）不久前与扬州中远海运重工签署了12艘甲醇双燃料超大型集装箱船的建造订单。这些新船不仅将进一步扩大中远海集运的全球运力，还标志着中远海运集团在绿色燃料领域的持续布局。中远海特：4艘沥青运输船同时，中远海运特运公司也在8月份与福建马尾造船签署了4艘沥青运输船的建造协议。该批新船将主要服务于特殊货物运输市场，进一步提升中远海运特运在特种运输领域的竞争力。如上，这意味着，中远海运在8月份披露了58艘新船订单，加上中远海能最新披露的2艘LNG船订单，中远海运集团在近35天里下单订造的新船数量已达到60艘。这60艘船舶的订造，不仅是中远海运集团在船队更新换代和运力提升方面的重要布局，也反映了集团在全球航运市场中的强大影响力。特别是在全球加速推行绿色能源和环保政策的背景下，中远海运集团通过订造甲醇双燃料船和LNG船等绿色船舶，进一步强化了其在低碳航运领域的领导地位。前瞻性战略布局中远海运集团的这一系列订船举措，展现了集团在全球能源转型和航运市场变化中的前瞻性战略。通过大规模投资绿色能源运输船舶和扩大散货船、集装箱船等多种类型的运力，中远海运集团进一步提升了其在全球航运市场的竞争力和话语权。随着新船的陆续交付，中远海运集团无疑将在全球航运业中继续占据重要的市场地位，并在未来的国际贸易和能源运输中发挥更加重要的作用。

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吃水是船体在水中下沉或浸没量的线性值。当我们说船舶吃水为10米时，本质上是指船体浸入水中的深度为10米，或者从船底板到水平面的垂直距离或高度与上述相同。这个数量与深度不同，深度是船体的整个垂直高度。深度和吃水之间的差值，本质上是船体在水面以上的线性垂直测量值，被称为船舶的干舷。 吃水的大小在几个方面都很重要；主要是与重要物理参数排水量有直接关系，排水量只不过是船舶在水中的当量重量或船体排开的水体积，就质量而言等于船体提供的浮力。使船舶在给定条件下保持漂浮。由于吃水给出了船体浸没程度的线性值，因此可以直接用作排水量的估值。此外，它还有助于设计者了解船体在漂浮时的淹没程度，它还可以清晰地显示水线上方到主甲板水平面的间隙或垂直距离。对于给定的船体深度，吃水越高，干舷或淹没主甲板或裸露甲板之前的安全间隙就越小。大多数大型远洋货船由于在满载状态下运输货物，甚至卸货后压载，因此吃水深度较高。换句话说，大型船舶的吃水总是很高，因为根据浮力和浮力的首要原理，大型船舶必须满足排水量的增加。这些船舶的高吃水深度在流体动力学和稳定性方面具有多种优势，另一方面，在河流或湖泊等浅水条件下的小型船舶的吃水较低。 许多人认为，在船舶设计的早期阶段，长度和宽度也是如此，尽管它是必不可少的并且始终存在于任何船舶的基本尺寸中，但吃水更为重要！当客户对船舶的载重或吨位提出要求时，设计师会了解可行的排水量，并考虑长度、宽度和吃水，以在最大限度内进行最佳设计。当然，要满足载重要求，还要最大限度地增加货物、住宿、服务和其他公用设施的空间。一旦长度、宽度和吃水与所需的排水量一致，深度就根据船舶的类型和尺寸以及稳定性等其他因素决定。所以，只有设计师对船舶的可行吃水有信心后，才能最终确定船体的深度。所有船只的船体侧面都有典型的标记，例如一系列平行的分支线和圆盘。这些数字被称为吃水标记或普利姆索尔线。 一段历史 在 18世纪和 19世纪，大多数船只经常超载超过设计容量，这种增加的排水量将导致淹没程度增加，从而导致干舷降低。超出设计的干舷增加了恶劣天气或高浪条件下发生洪水和溺水的风险。然而，到了 19 世纪末，一位名叫塞缪尔·普利姆索尔 (Samuel Plimsoll) 的煤炭商人开始大力倡导建立适当的标志系统，该系统可以指示船舶在给定条件下的吃水深度和干舷。由于他的努力，标牌系统开始在英国船只上使用，最终世界其他国家也效仿了这一做法。普利姆索尔系列一词就是以他的名字命名的。现在，所有船只都不可避免地在其侧面有明显的特征，表明船体浸没。吃水标记和普利姆索尔线尽管草案标记和普利姆索尔线略有不同，但它们通常被认为是相同的。刻在船只侧面的这组标记的唯一目的是指示浸没情况及干舷高度。在通过航道或运河的船舶装卸过程中，授权人员和船员会查看这些标记以评估吃水状态并确保船舶在给定的装载条件下具有足够的干舷高度。Plimsoll 或称重线盘：您可能已经注意到，有一个圆盘，有一条水平线穿过其中心线，两侧写有两个字母。这被称为 Plimsoll Line Disc 或负载线盘。该圆盘的直径为 300 毫米。圆周两侧的字母是船舶从新建造阶段起登记的船级社的首字母。例如，NK表示NK级，LR表示劳埃德船级社等。该圆盘的几何中心与船的中部重合。在水平意义上，该圆盘的中心与夏季载重线的水平重合。 负载线：在距离圆盘中心 540 毫米的水平距离处，有一组水平标记线，从一条垂直线的两侧延伸出来。这些被称为载重线。虽然这些标志有国际惯例和分类指南，但可以简单地解释如下。夏季载重线：标记为 S 的水平线，大致位于该布置的中间，与 plimsoll 圆盘的中心位于同一直线上。当船舶位于指定的“夏季区域”时，在密度为 1025 千克/立方米的正常海水条件下，船舶的吃水不应超过此指定水平。 热带载重线：夏季载重线上方是标记为 T 的线，该线适用于热带地区较炎热的气候。冬季载重线：夏季载重线 S 的正下方是 W 线，代表冬季载重线。现在，我们从水的性质得知，它会随着温度的升高而膨胀，密度也会降低。因此，从漂浮的物理原理来看，需要排出更多或更多体积的水才能跟上给定的重量。因此，在寒冷地区甚至在冬季，当水变得更稠密并收缩时，对于给定的船舶装载量，吃水会减少。 、冬季北大西洋：北大西洋是冬季船舶可以航行的最冷水域。不仅吃水进一步减少，而且海况也变得相当恶劣。在此条件下保持吃水的安全余量标记为 WNA，是最低线，比冬季载重线低约 50 毫米。但从船级规定来看，WNA标志仅存在于长度小于100m的船舶上。 淡水线：同样，我们从水的物理和化学原理知道盐水比淡水密度更大。因此，对于给定的船舶和装载量，在淡水条件下需要排出的水量更高。当船舶需要处于淡水条件（如河流、运河、湖泊或渠道）时，吃水会急剧增加。标记为 F 的淡水载重线表示船舶在淡水条件下允许的最大吃水的安全极限。 热带淡水：如上所述，在较热的地区和气候中，吃水也会增加。这种现象与淡水条件相结合，进一步增加了吃水，标记为热带淡水线或TF，最高标记。 木材载重线：对于运载木材或木质货物的船舶，还标记了一组与正常载重线类似的单独的线。这是因为木材或木材是一种特殊的货物类型，在给定体积下密度较低。因此，浮力较大，吃水不同。标记位于相似的线上，但每个标记前面都有字母 T，代表木材。 吃水标记：除了这些指定的线之外，校准数字还分别指示确切的吃水深度。正如预期的那样，它们从下到上测量为以米或 M 为单位的整数，出于所有实际目的，以 0.2 米为步长标记的散布小数位分隔。